Mechanistic and structural explanations: the case of network science
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35588/cc.v6d7881Keywords:
Scientific explanations, Network science, Mechanism, StructuralismAbstract
In this paper, I give an initial approach to a more intuitive notion of structural explanation in science. I use the example of network science, a research field that has grown rapidly over the last two decades. Based on a recent discussion within that community, I illustrate the importance of considering different kinds of explanations depending on the type of theory at play. In particular, I argue that network science is a structural theory and that causal-mechanistic explanations are not necessarily expected or preferable.
Downloads
References
Anderson, P. W. (1972). More is different: broken symmetry and the nature of the hierarchical structure of science. Science, 177(4047), 393-396.
Bakhshandeh, R., Samadi, M., Azimifar, Z., & Schaeffer, J. (2011). Degrees of separation in social networks. In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Combinatorial Search (Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 18-23).
Clifton, R. (1998). Structural explanation in quantum theory. Unpublished manuscript, PhilSci Archive, http://philsci-archive. pitt. edu/91.
Dorato, M., & Felline, L. (2010). Structural explanations in Minkowski spacetime: which account of models?. In Space, Time, and Spacetime: Physical and Philosophical Implications of Minkowski's Unification of Space and Time (pp. 193-207). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
Dorato, M., & Felline, L. (2010). Scientific explanation and scientific structuralism. In Scientific structuralism (pp. 161-176). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.
Einstein, A. (1919). Time, space, and gravitation. Times (London) 13–14
Felline, L. (2011). Scientific explanation between principle and constructive theories. Philosophy of Science, 78(5), 989-1000.
Flores, F. (1999). Einstein’s theory of theories and types of theoretical explanation. Int. Stud. Philos. Sci. 13(2), 123–134
Glennan, S. S. (1996). Mechanisms and the nature of causation. Erkenntnis, 44(1), 49-71.
Glennan, S. (2017). The new mechanical philosophy. Oxford University Press.
Hempel, C. G., & Oppenheim, P. (1948). Studies in the Logic of Explanation. Philosophy of science, 15(2), 135-175.
Hughes, R. I. G. (1989). Bell's theorem, ideology, and structural explanation.
Hughes, R. I. G. (1993). Theoretical explanation. Midwest Studies in Philosophy, 18, 132-153.
Kitcher, P. (1981). Explanatory unification. Philosophy of science, 48(4), 507-531.
Kostić, D., & Khalifa, K. (2023). Decoupling topological explanations from mechanisms. Philosophy of Science, 90(2), 245-268.
Kriener, L., Völk, K., von Hünerbein, B., Benitez, F., Senn, W., & Petrovici, M. A. (2024). ELiSe: Efficient Learning of Sequences in Structured Recurrent Networks. arXiv preprint arXiv:2402.16763.
Maltrana, D., Herrera, M., & Benitez, F. (2022). Einstein’s theory of theories and mechanicism. International Studies in the Philosophy of Science, 35(2), 153-170.
Peixoto, T. P. (2017). Nonparametric Bayesian inference of the microcanonical stochastic block model. Physical Review E, 95(1), 012317.
Rosvall, M., & Bergstrom, C. T. (2008). Maps of random walks on complex networks reveal community structure. Proceedings of the national academy of sciences, 105(4), 1118-1123.
Salmon, W. C. (1984). Scientific explanation: Three basic conceptions. In PSA: Proceedings of the biennial meeting of the philosophy of science association (Vol. 1984, No. 2, pp. 293-305). Cambridge University Press.
Salmon, W. C. (2020). Scientific explanation and the causal structure of the world. Princeton University Press.
Smiljanić, J., Blöcker, C., Holmgren, A., Edler, D., Neuman, M., & Rosvall, M. (2023). Community detection with the map equation and infomap: Theory and applications. arXiv preprint arXiv:2311.04036.
Watts, D. J., & Strogatz, S. H. (1998). Collective dynamics of ‘small-world’networks. Nature, 393(6684), 440-442.
Downloads
Submitted
2025-12-26Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Federico Benitez

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.








