O impacto do consumo alimentar, da produção agrícola e das importações alimentares na segurança alimentar na ASEAN-6

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35588/8zr42b11

Palavras-chave:

consumo de alimentos, produção agrícola, importações de alimentos, segurança alimentária

Resumo

A segurança alimentar é uma questão complexa influenciada pela disponibilidade, pelo acesso e pela utilização de alimentos. Este estudo examina o impacto do consumo de alimentos, da produção agrícola e das importações de alimentos na segurança alimentar dos países do grupo ASEAN-6, no período de 2000 a 2021. Dados do Faostat, do Banco Mundial e do Our World in Data foram analisados utilizando-se a técnica de regressão com dados em painel e modelo de efeitos fixos. Os resultados indicam que o consumo de alimentos afeta negativamente a segurança alimentar, devido a padrões de consumo desequilibrados e à pressão sobre os recursos naturais. Países como a Tailândia e a Malásia, que registraram aumento no consumo de alimentos, enfrentam maior vulnerabilidade a flutuações globais de preços e a interrupções nas cadeias de suprimentos. Por outro lado, a produção agrícola impacta positivamente a segurança alimentar ao aumentar a estabilidade do abastecimento. Avanços tecnológicos, como a agricultura de precisão e o cultivo de variedades resistentes à seca, elevaram a produtividade e reduziram a pressão ambiental. As importações de alimentos também desempenham um papel relevante na garantia da disponibilidade de alimentos, especialmente para países com déficit de produção. No entanto, a dependência excessiva de importações acarreta riscos decorrentes da volatilidade dos mercados externos. As conclusões ressaltam a necessidade de políticas que promovam o consumo equilibrado de alimentos, a inovação nas práticas agrícolas e a diversificação das fontes de alimentos, visando alcançar a segurança alimentar a longo prazo na região da ASEAN.

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2025-04-23

Publicado

2026-07-26

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