Caracterización del Cabernet-Sauvignon del Valle del Maipo (Chile) usando mediciones de fluorescencia

Resumo

Virus infection in Vitis vinifera negatively impacts vineyard production and grape quality. Examples are grapevine leafroll-associated viruses (GLRaVs) and grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated viruses (GRSPaV). We investigated transient fluorescence of chlorophyll a in leaves of Cabernet-Sauvignon, the primary red cultivar planted in Chile, using the OJIV test. First, we evaluated fluorescence in productive grapevines throughout their development, and then we analyzed the same parameters in plants infected with GLRaVs or GLRaVs+GRSPaV. We observed that throughout phenological development, as in the virus-affected clones, the kinetics of fluorescence emission decreased, particularly in values such as F_o and F_M, reflecting the limitation in electron donation by the oxygen-releasing complexes and changes in the PSII antenna complex. The parameter reflecting the most significant differences was the performance index (PI_ABS), whose value decreases throughout phenological development and is also lower in virus-affected plants compared to healthy plants. This decrease would indicate that PSII changes the conversion of light energy of chemical energy to heat dissipation, making PI_ABS an excellent parameter to evaluate the vitality of Cabernet-Sauvignon vineyards.