Estudo de eficiência técnica da indústria de cacau utilizando análise envolvente de dados
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35588/rivar.v11i33.6257Resumo
O agronegócio do cacau processado está entrando em uma nova fase de negócios hipercompetitivos, onde todas as empresas se concentram em tornar-se produtoras de baixo custo. O problema é complexo, com tendência à redução anual de unidades de negócio. Este estudo visa determinar quais unidades de toma de decisões (DMUs por sua sigla em inglês) possuem eficiência técnica para produzir produtos de cacau processados de forma sustentável. Para isso, usamos amostragem proposital para determinar locais de pesquisa, questionários e entrevistas para coletar dados e Análise Envoltória de Dados (DEA) para analisar os dados. Os resultados do estudo mostram que todos os DEAs produzem diferentes percentuais de eficiência técnica, por isso são classificados em três tipos: alto, médio e baixo. A distribuição de pontuação mostra trinta DMUs eficientes e sete DMUs ineficientes. Para alcançar a eficiência operacional e a estabilidade da DMU, é preciso melhorar a alocação de insumos de matéria-prima do cacau, os custos trabalhistas e insumos de capital industrial. A conclusão é que a eficiência industrial desempenha um papel vital na existência da DMU se puder prestar atenção à qualidade e quantidade da produção numa escala de eficiência ótima, e assim puder satisfazer a procura interna e de exportação para a tornar competitiva nos mercados globais.
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