Aprovechamiento de residuos del maíz (Zea mays) en la industria: Revisión bibliográfica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35588/rivar.v10i31.5980Palabras clave:
agroindustria, ambiente, biomasa, gestión de recursos, reciclajeResumen
La utilización de residuos orgánicos es una estrategia que ha ganado impacto en favor del medio ambiente, especialmente entre las empresas agroindustriales. Los residuos procedentes de la industria alimentaria contienen componentes estructurales, como la lignocelulosa, que pueden ser aprovechados en diversas áreas. En este sentido, este trabajo es una revisión sistemática cualitativa acerca del aprovechamiento de los residuos del maíz (RM). Mediante el análisis bibliográfico se identificaron ocho áreas en las que aprovechan los RM; Biorremediación (A), alimentación (B), energía (C), desdoblamiento de lignocelulosa (D), biopolímeros (E), caracterización (F), construcción (G). De las cuales, la mayoría de investigaciones se refieren a biorremediación (30.58 %). Además, de los residuos a provechados el que mayor utilidad presenta es el rastrojo (44.44 %), seguido por el uso de tallos (16.67 %) y raquis (16.67 %). En cuanto a la agroindustria, el uso de RM plantea un futuro prometedor, con énfasis en la producción de envases de papel, biopolímeros y aditivos alimentarios.
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